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Testing of Ethereum Contracts with Python and Web3.py

Ethereum is a decentralized, open source Blockchain platform that allows intellectual contracts and decentralized programs (DAps). One of the main advantages of using Ethereum is its ability to test and implement smart contracts without the factual Ethereum network. However, testing these contracts can be difficult due to the complexity of the Ethereum virtual machine (EVM) and the reliable need for the environment.

Problem: Contract. Functions not found

When trying to test the Ethereum network contract using Web3.py, one common problem facing consumers is when they try to achieve the function of the contract both in the binary interface). Specifically, the “contract.functional” method returns the error message stating ‘the contract. Functions are not found ”in an attempt to call any function of the contract.

Why does this happen?

The reason for this error is how Ethereum handles the functions of the contract. When you create a new contract, it does not automatically register features with both (Ethereum binary interface). Instead, each function must be recorded separately using the “contract.functional” method.

Solution: Registration of contracts and their functions

To resolve this problem, we must manually register our Ethereum contract and its functions. We can do this by creating an instance of a Web3 class and specifying the provider (such as a local knot or remote provider, such as Infura), which will be used to interact with Blockchain.

`Python

Import inquiries

Import JSON

From ETH_ACCOUNT Import Account

From Web3 Import Web3, HTTPPROVIDER

Set Ethereum provider (local node or remote supplier)

provider = httprovider (‘http: // localhost: 8545’)

Create a new account using a private key

Account = Account.from_Key (Private_Key)

Set a copy of the contract

Contract_address = ‘0xb9 ** F832860DBD’

Contraractabi = ‘…’

Change your contract both

Def Test_Contract ():

Get an instance of a contract from the provider

Contract = Web3 (provider).

Register the functions of the contract

FUNC Contractabi:

If HASATTR (contract, func):

contract. Functions [FUNC] .transact ()

`

Testing using a sample contract

Let’s say we have a simple contract with three features: “Hello”, “goodbye” and “Sayhello”. We can create both of this contract using the Web3 Library.

`Python

Contraractabi = {

“Constant”: false,

“Input”: [],

“Name”: “Hello”,

“Exit”: [

{‘Internaltype’: ‘string’, ‘Name’: ‘,’ type ‘:’ string ‘}

]

“Payable”: False,

Statemurability: ”,

“Type”: “Function”

}

Def test_hello ():

Get an instance of a contract from the provider

Contract = Web3 (provider).

Call the Hello feature

Result = Contract.functions.hello (). Transact ()

Print the result

Print (result)

`

In this example, we create both of our “hello” contract with three features: Hello, Goodbye and Sayhello. We then try each feature separately using the test_hello () function.

Conclusion

Ethereum contracts test can be complicated due to the complexity of the EVM and the reliable need for the environment. However, by manually registering our contracts and their functions, we can ensure that we try them correctly. This approach also helps us to identify any problems or mistakes, which is very important to maintain stable and safe intellectual ecosystems.

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